Buccal mucosa is the lining of the cheeks and the back of the lips, inside where they touch the teeth. Development of cancer cells or tumour in this area leads to carcinoma buccal mucosa, which is a type of oral cancer. It generally starts in the squamous cells that are thin and flat, and line the lips and the mouth. It is easy to cure carcinoma buccal mucosa, if diagnosed at an early stage. This type of cancer is mostly prevalent amongst men. It is essential to treat it immediately, or it can spread to the mouth, tongue, and other distant body parts. The earlier the cancer is diagnosed and treated, the easier it is to completely remove it.

Carcinoma Esophagus is the cancer of esophageal tube. Esophagus is the tube that connects the mouth through the throat to the stomach, and is also known as the food pipe. It carries food down the throat to the stomach. Esophageal cancer starts developing from cells present in the inner lining of the tube. The disease is more common among men as compared to women. Out of many factors which may cause esophageal cancer, smoking and acid refluxes are the most harmful. Early treatment can stop the disease from spreading further and bring it under control.

When cancer cells form in the larynx tissues, the medical condition is known as carcinoma larynx. Most cancer cells are formed in the thin and flat squamous cells that line the inside of the larynx. This type of cancer comes under the category of head and neck cancer. Carcinoma larynx is treatable, but the effectiveness of the treatment is based upon several factors. The stage of the cancer is the most important factor to consider, along with the exact location and the size of the cancer tumour. A person’s general health, age, and certain bodily parameters also determine the effectiveness of the treatment.

Carcinoma lung is the biggest type of lung cancer occurring both in men and women. The rate of deaths from carcinoma lung has increased with each passing year. Like all other diseases, carcinoma lung also has stages that will determine the level of severity to which the cancer has spread in the whole body. There are two types of this disease, small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Carcinoma lung as the name is suggestive is some sort of cancerous disease that starts in the lungs. The lungs are regarded as the two types of elastic organs in the chest which will draw in oxygen when inhaled and leave the carbon dioxide out when exhaled. It is basically defined as the growth of abnormal cells that cannot be controlled and that can begin in both the lungs, and especially in cells that line the passages of air. The presence of abnormal cells do not do any good. They do not convert into any healthy lung tissue, and rather divide swiftly and develop into tumours.

This disease is one of the most common kinds of cancer in the pancreas, also known as adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. This disease usually starts in the tissues of the pancreas. The pancreas is an organ in the part of the abdomen that horizontally lies behind the lower part of the stomach. Carcinoma Pancreas is a type of cancer in the pancreas, which if diagnosed early gives a really poor prediction. The pancreas in this disease has both the exocrine and endocrine functions and the cells that are cancerous can form from both types of functional cells. Most of these cancers are known as adenocarcinomas. The condition of carcinoma pancreas is very dangerous, as it develops and progresses at a very high pace and is usually diagnosed later. This type of cancer of pancreas tends to form from those cells that help in lining the system of the ducts that give away enzymes to the small intestine and are frequently regarded as the pancreatic adenocarcinomas. Pancreatic cancer must not be confused with the word pancreatitis, which is regarded as the inflammation of the pancreas and is primarily aroused by alcohol abuse.

A cancer in the prostate gland leads to Carcinoma prostate. It affects only men and generally shows no early signs or symptoms. It starts with fine changes to the shape and size of the prostate gland cells. This is common to most men in their 50’s. Like every other cancer, it is important to know the exact stage of carcinoma prostate to determine effective therapies. This involves understanding the size of the cancer tumor, knowing the exact number of lymph nodes involved, and determining whether there are any metastases. The exact cause for carcinoma prostate is unknown. A family history of the disease is one significant factor. Testosterone also contributes to the growth of carcinoma prostate. It is a very slow growing disease and regular checks and screening can help in early diagnosis and treatment.

Carcinoma rectum is a type of cancer that develops in the rectum, the lower part of the colon which connects our large bowel to the anus. Its most important function includes formation of stool for better evacuation. Our colon is made up of 3 layers, mucosa, muscularis propria and mesorectum. There are muscles and layers in our rectum that help in the sound functioning of our excretion system, but lymph nodes, also known as regional lymph nodes, mostly make the surroundings of our rectum. They are an important factor of our immune system. These layers assist in secretion of harmful external elements like bacteria and viruses. The most critical stage is when the harmful cancer cells spread from the rectum to the lymph nodes, and then to other body parts. Mucosa is the organ which is mostly affected. This cancer affects both men and women equally. Treatment of this kind of cancer involves detailed study about the spread of the infection surrounding lymph nodes. The rectum is a major part of the colon, and its complicated position hinders all the treatment, making it more serious compared to colon cancer.

Carcinoma tonsil is a cancer arising in the squamous cells of the tonsil. The tonsil (soft tissue masses located at the rear of the throat) is the most common host of squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx (the middle part of the throat behind the mouth). Carcinoma tonsil is mostly known as tonsil cancer. This type of cancer is one of the major head and neck cancer and develops in some parts of the throat just behind the mouth.

Cardiomegaly refers to an enlarged heart. Although there could be multiple causes, the most frequent ones are high blood pressure and coronary artery disease. The efficiency of your heart would decrease due to cardiomegaly and can result in congestive heart failure. It could also heal by itself and improve over a period of time; most people with an enlarged heart need lifelong treatment with appropriate medication. The major type of enlarged heart is dilated cardiomyopathy. In this type, the walls of both sides of the heart, known as ventricles, become stretched and thin. In the other type, the muscular left ventricle becomes very thick. In a type called hypertrophy, high blood pressure may cause your left ventricle to enlarge. Another type called hypertrophic cardiomyopathy can also be inherited. An enlarged heart can keep and maintain more of its pumping ability when it's ‘thick’ rather than ‘thin’.

Cardiomyopathy is a condition in which the muscles of the heart are abnormal. There are three main types of cardiomyopathy. They are dilated cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic myopathy and restrictive cardiomyopathy. If you have Cardiomyopathy, your heart will find it difficult to pump and deliver blood to the rest of your body. Eventually, it might lead to cardiac arrest. But, cardiomyopathy is treatable. Your cardiologist will decide on the treatment required, based on the type of cardiomyopathy and the complexity of your situation.

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome is a condition in which a nerve in the carpal tunnel is compressed. Carpal tunnel is a narrow passage located in the wrist. The person feels a tingling or numbing sensation in the arm or the hand. The disease is caused due to pressure on the median nerve and hence, is known as a condition of nerve entrapment.

Cataract is the clouding of the natural lens of the eye, which lies behind the iris and the pupil. The disorder causes blurred vision or total loss of vision in people especially above 40 years of age. The disorder develops slowly due to protein build-up in the eye and may affect one or both eyes. Cataract may occur due to age factor or due to trauma to the eye (after an accident). It may also occur after birth or after an eye surgery, as a side-effect. The three types of cataracts are subcapsular cataract, nuclear cataract, and cortical cataract. Subcapsular cataract affects the back of the lens. Nuclear cataract starts from the nucleus of the eye, i.e. the deep central zone of the lens. And, cortical cataract is categorized by white wedge-like patches (opaque) that start from the edge of the lens and extend towards the center of the eye.

Cellulitis is a severe kind of bacterial infection that not only infects the outer layer of the skin, but also the deeper layers inside. The corium is a layer of the skin, and the subcutaneous fats are areas where cellulite majorly infects. The skin will appear reddish and swollen in a couple of days after the infection. The infected area will gradually swell and turn red, and will also be painful. This can happen on any of the body parts, but hands and legs are the most common. The person can also feel tired and feverish. Streptococci and Staphylococcus bacteria are involved in spreading of cellulitis. Sometimes pus is also present in the swelling, which can be a major concern. Since 1990, more than 30,000 deaths have been reported worldwide because of cellulitis.