Usually, many people with long QT syndrome display no symptoms. Some may have the following symptoms: Syncope Seizures Sudden cardiac death In short QT syndrome, patients might experience the following symptoms: Palpitations Syncope Abnormal rhythms of the heart Sudden cardiac death, due to ventricular fibrillationDFDAFF
Both long and short QT syndromes are congenital and are associated with genetic mutations. Although other causes are not completely understood, the risk factors of Long QT syndrome include: Belonging to female gender Liver or renal impairment Progressing age Family history of the syndrome Other cardiovascular diseases Electrolytic imbalance – Hypomagnesemia, Hypocalcemia, Hypokalemia Concurrent administration of interacting drugs As far as short QT syndrome is considered, researchers suggest that the QT duration decreases owing to increased activity of outward potassium currents in phases of the heart.
Short QT syndrome is extremely rare and must be diagnosed by a well-trained electrophysiologist, who is well versed with QT syndromes. The specialist would use electrocardiography, echocardiography and genetic tools to diagnose the existence of the syndrome. Diagnostic tools employed for those suspected to have long QT syndrome include: Thyroid tests Electrocardiography for all family members Genetic testing for all family members Checking of Potassium and Magnesium levels in the serum
Those with long QT syndrome are advised to refrain from participating in competitive sports, strenuous exercise, and being subjected to stress-related emotions. They should also avoid the following, Anesthesia, Asthma drugs, Antihistamines, Antibiotics, Cardiac medications, Gastrointestinal medications, Antifungal medications, Psychotropic medications, and Potassium loss medicationsWith respect to short QT syndrome, some have had preventive measures like implantation of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD), although they might not have had any cardiac issues before the implantation of the device. Recent studies have suggested that With respect to short QT syndrome, some have had preventive measures like implantation of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD), although they might not have had any cardiac issues before the implantation of the device. Recent studies have suggested that usage of some antiarrhythmic agents like quinidine may assist those with short QT syndrome, as they cause prolongation of action potential and by their action on channels of the heart. Owing to their genetic causes, long and short QT syndromes do not have permanent remedies yet. However, our experts may provide alternate medication to decrease lethality. For long QT syndrome, it may comprise of the following methods: Pharmacotherapy Use of Beta blockers like Propranolol, Nadolol, Metoprolol or Atenolol. Device therapy Implantation of cardioverter defibrillator, pacemaker. Left cervicothoracic stellectomy Surgically removing the stellate ganglion.
Nothing much can be done to prevent long and short QT syndrome because the disease is caused due to genetic mutations.
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