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Overview

Osteoporosis, best explained by breaking down the word ‘Osteoporosis’ meaning ‘reduced bone density’, is a medical condition in which bones become weak and brittle. This thinning of bones and weak bone crystals put the person at a greater risk of getting bone fractures. This condition can affect any gender, but is more prevalent in women who have crossed menopause. As per a report from National Osteoporosis Foundation, a healthy bone has an architecture similar to a honeycomb. In comparison, a bone with low density will have larger holes compared to a healthy bone.

Symptoms

The early stage of loss of bone has typically no symptoms. But as it progresses, signs begin to show. The major symptoms of this disease are: Persistent back pain. Difficulty in standing for long periods. Fractures, or a collapsed vertebra. Bending spinal cord causing loss of height and change of body posture. Bone fracture that may occur more easily and rapidly even with slightest of shock.DFDAFF


Causes

Osteoporosis occurs when the rate of formation of new bone is lower, as compared to wear and tear being caused. The major causes of this disease are: Loss of bone density in case of pregnancy, delivery, and lactation. Reduction of generation of oestrogen. Prolonged use of oral corticosteroids under high dosage. Medical conditions like inflammation, hormone imbalance, malnutrition, and low calcium absorption by body. A family history, particularly hip fracture of any one parent. Long term use of medications which affects bone density or hormone balance. Lower body mass index (BMI). Smoking and alcohol consumption.


Diagnosis

the doctors will use the following technologies to diagnose the disease: ... X-ray Q fracture FRAX, (Fracture Risk Assessment Tool) DEXA (Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) scan


Treatments

The goal of the treatment is to avoid and reduce fractures by reducing bone density loss or increasing the same. Since density cannot be rebuilt for osteoporosis affected bones, prevention is the only way out. Following are the measures for prevention and treatment: Lifestyle changes Minor lifestyle changes like quitting smoking and alcohol consumption, regular exercise, and an increase in calcium and vitamin D intake. Medication Medicine intake to manage calcium and vitamin D intake, maintaining hormonal balance, and medications to initiate bone formation.


Prevention

To prevent the occurrence of this disease, these are certain things one should take care of: Weight bearing exercises. Diet rich in calcium and Vitamin D. Adopting a healthy lifestyle.


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