Because atherosclerosis develops gradually, symptoms do not get displayed until the situation gets worsened and complicated. It might result in an inadequate supply of blood to organs and tissues. Symptoms also depend on: The location of the affected artery. Heart pressure in the chest and chest pain Brain –numbness and weakness in arms and legs, slurred speech, drooping facial muscles, and temporary loss of vision in one eye Arms and legs – Leg pain during physical activities Kidneys – High blood pressure or kidney failureDFDAFF
Atherosclerosis is thought to begin with a small damage or injury caused to the thin inner layer of an artery called endothelium. The causes could be: High amount of triglycerides High cholesterol Consumption of tobacco High blood pressure Obesity or diabetes Arthritis, lupus, infections and other inflammatory diseases
The doctor may use one or more of these tools to diagnose atherosclerosis – ... Physical examination Blood tests Doppler ultrasound Ankle-brachial index Electrocardiogram Stress test Angiogram CT-Scan and MRI
Mild cases of atherosclerosis can be treated with regular exercises and using changes in lifestyle with the consultation of an expert. .. Antiplatelet medication Tablets like aspirin may be prescribed to avoid clotting of blood in the blocked areas Cholesterol medication By decreasing the cholesterol levels in your blood, you can stop the building up of plaques in your arteries. Beta-blocker medication These are used to lower blood pressure and relieve symptoms of chest pain ACE Inhibitors Using angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, blood pressure is reduced, along with the risk of recurrent heart attacks Angioplasty Using a deflated balloon attached to a slender catheter, the narrowed blockages are shattered in this method. This happens when the balloon is inflated. Endarterectomy Surgical removal of plaques. Bypass surgery Creating a bypass route for the flow of blood, by avoiding the usage of the narrowed artery Fibrinolytic therapy Drugs that dissolve clots are administered
Lifestyle changes like quitting smoking and excessive consumption of alcohol and maintaining a healthy weight by regular exercising and healthy dietary food are to be incorporated to prevent atherosclerosis.
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